The Effects Of Music Videos On Children Young People Essay

The Effects Of Music Videos On Children Young People Essay Music awakens in our brains in the first part of the day to the point of making us need to move and likely mitigating us when we have sand sentiments. From our adolescence through high school to adulthood, music turns into our necessary part in our entire life. At adolescent, music characterizes the attributes of a person. Pediatricians have attempted to spend significant time in immature medication and furthermore consider the intensity of music and how it influences their character. The effect on the people social and social limits is exceptionally credited to the long normal long periods of tuning in to music. Notwithstanding the way that there is broad assortment of kinds of music, grown-ups and youngsters vary on how they select the substance to tune in to. With the capacity to perceive what is correct and what's going on, grown-ups may not be profoundly influenced by the current conduct or social ills. Kids then again are a lot of inclined to the alluring fierce class of music; the music contains plots that draw young people and other minority. During the advancement stages in pre-adult, kids attempt to find their own Hero and good examples. This implies the earth wherein these kids spend and develop will give them the character they need as own saint. Right now, the most motivating issue to the youngster is to get what she or he needs. Expecting that the youngster has individual issues o challenges that the person needs to overcome, it is simpler to incline toward vicious characters on TV and afterward receive their method of getting things done. The majority of the hip bounce music fo r example contains fierce commitment, utilization of medications, sexual circumstances just as sexual savagery. The youngster would then create with the thought that the individual in question must be brutal or presumptuous to get by throughout everyday life. Overwhelming metal music has extraordinary estranging impacts on creating youngsters which incorporates mental scatters, substance misuse, sex-job generalizing and self destruction chance. On the off chance that a youngster shows savage acts against other kids, the parent or the educator needs to give close consideration the music being tuned in to by kids (Kathy John). Most music recordings may show half exposed ladies which influence the emotional well-being of a youngster. Because of the cultural conduct arrangement, this method of dressing isn't adequate out in the open. In this way kids experience serious mental strain in choosing what to acknowledge as a standard or abhorrence. Contingent upon the presentation the youngster encounters, the kid can create for nature. A youngster can develop in a quiet domain which may advance the prosperity of the kid. Quiet recordings can enable the youngster to appreciate to have the future the individual sees on the TV or such media. These gatherings of kids want to remain in serene condition and generally will in general be submissive and acknowledged in the general public. Then again brutal recordings will in general depict that the world is a lot of fierce than the manner in which it is. This causes kids to accept that their house is the main exclusion that is sheltered. Kids get beguiled that their families must line up with the general public. Kids don't have incredible presentation to the external society because of their parental consideration. This leaves the kids to comprehend the network to be home and TV or computerized media. This implies if the guardians don't remain at home for extended periods of time, the kid may wind up embracing the media culture other than the home culture. The kid propels in being vicious and forceful through the youthful to early adulthood. The psychological contents created by youngsters are created through impersonating media saints. A large portion of these are embraced from fierce music recordings and shows. As young people and kids watch these fierce demonstrations, they can disguise these contents and become po werful in impacting the life of the individual (Mhhe.com). Design is one of the territories that young people and kids need to feel like they rule. They generally need to exceed others, either among themselves or when alone. Big names embrace explicit design for various tracks and recordings; this leaves the youngster in a much helpless and sensitive circumstance of choosing the style they need. These style issues may turn into an issue to the family since they may not be adequate to the guardians and the overall population. The strained can prompt family issues where guardians take part in physical encounter with the youngster. Youngsters then again are not in a situation to contend with the circumstance where case they might be drawn away from their family. Regions in which design influences young lady youngster incorporates insufficient dressing, inappropriate make up use and utilization of medications to change their body shape to look alluring. Young men may not encounter broad impacts since the general public doesn't set what is ethica lly erroneous for the kid. The issue anyway might be articulated in a Christian family setting. This implies kids can contrarily be influenced by such style (Media Awareness Network). The other issue region that music recordings influence kids during advancement is the abuse and utilization of liquor in kids. Video show unequivocal circumstances where youngsters are utilizing liquor and medications. The youngster believes that such utilization of medications and liquor would make the known and regarded in the general public. Since the video may not be one in particular that show such practices, the youngster will in general feel that utilization of medications or liquor doesn't have any results all things considered. In spite of the fact that they may see cautioning signs on boards featuring the negative impacts of utilizing medications and liquor in youthful age, they don't get persuaded as they get while viewing a video. Such a youngster faces the anger of utilizing such medications and liquor to a state of dependence. The issue with such compulsion is that they would require the person to get clinical consideration and recovery to recuperate and have a typical life once more. Before the youngster or a parent finds this issue, the kid would have burnt through a ton of valuable time that could be utilized to create gifts and find their strategic life. As prior stated, kids may not be in a situation to decide their good example with a cognizant brain; the unmistakable condition decides for them (Media Awareness Network). Language is the other part of a youngster that is influenced by these recordings. A youngster would consistently need to build up their directing capacity particularly among peers or to utilize when asking something from the parent. The way toward growing to such an extent that the individual in question can deserve admiration normally can get meddled with through sound and visual media. At the point when the kid sees somebody on video inspiring profane words to other people and completes what he needs, and afterward the kid will think that its simpler and effective. The way that such language is normal in hard music which happens to be wide spread, the youngster expect that such language is permitted in the general public. The youngster winds up embracing the revolting language for use in the network. Such youngsters get separated in a general public that qualities conscious people (Media Awareness Network). Dread is the other impact the music recordings can have on the youngsters. Youngsters consistently need to have a sense of security and secure; it may not be the situation when they find that the world isn't as they take it. Firearms and passings appear to be misrepresented on recordings with the end goal that the kid feels that anybody can be killed whenever and the criminal goes without any penalty. The youngster may create dread this may transpire or her or even to one of the relatives. This can result to negative improvement of such youngsters. With headway in video creation innovation, video movement has gotten a lot simpler. A few recordings contain pictures indicating circumstances where person are being damaged by obscure animals, such video can be a dread factor to a kid who has not grown enough to comprehend that such pictures are human manifestations and fiction. Such recordings that alarm youngsters can trigger self-destructive or murderous emotions in a kid. Music recordings show unequivocal films that advance sex in the general public. Unmistakably such pictures would be of much enthusiasm to kids who have not yet attempted to enjoy sex itself. They go about as the base whereupon they figure out how sex happens. The sexual cognizance of a youngster might be excited through such recordings. Youngsters would then be able to attempt among themselves what they watched occur. During the time spent difficult, reckless grown-ups may become pulled in to such minors. This opens to the kid numerous difficulties in life including explicitly transmitted contaminations or even AIDS. Such sexual encounters are difficult for kids to contain and control, making them much powerless against attackers and kid sex (Aubrey Jennifer). Taking everything into account, music recordings have profoundly influenced the structure of our general public because of the viability broad media. The intensity of such media has various focal points that have profited the general public, however this doesn't occur without an assortment of back draws. Through the equivalent visual innovation, our general public has debased to a state of grabbing childrens mind; youngsters can't live anything else without recordings. Media has gotten a lot of available to kids and adolescents through web. It is anyway the obligation of the watchman to make favorable condition for the youngster to develop. This can be accomplished through utilization of web channel devices to lockout wrong media from spilling. The parent can likewise buy in for family programs that have their substance checked for general crowd. It may be hard or the parent to control what the youngster watches when alone in this way, it is additionally the obligation of the parent to exhort their kids on what is fitting and what isn't. Work refered to Aubrey Jennifer. The effect of explicitly generalizing media presentation on negative body movements furthermore, sexual self discernments researching the interceding job of body reluctance 2007. May 3, 2010 Kathy Dix John Harris. Viciousness in Music May 3, 2010 Media Awareness Network. Wrong substance in music negative impacts May 3, 2010

Soft drinks supply chain Essay Example

Sodas flexibly chain Paper At present time however, changes have just been made in the previously mentioned Candler’s recipe including. With corn syrup presently utilized as a sugar rather than sugar, its bundling likewise developed with the changing requests of the shoppers. Today, a long way from the first soft drinks of the medication store’s soft drink wellsprings, carbonated soda pops are bundled available to be purchased in different compartments, for example, aluminum or tin jars, plastic jugs, and glass bottles. The organization additionally discharged a ‘New Coke’ recipe on April 23, 1985, yet it didn't do well to those acquainted with the old Coca-Cola flavor so the old equation was restored. Coca-Cola’s achievement and prevalence can be ascribed to Asa Candler’s forceful advertising of Coca-Cola. Along with Coca-Cola’s achievement, the interest for syrup deals expanded. The organization offers syrup to free packaging organizations which have been offered permit to sell the soda pop. These days, Coca-Cola soda pops that are being devoured every day ascend to 9 digit figures (Bellis, 2007). Pepsi-Cola In 1898, Caleb Bradham, a drug specialist in North Carolina, had a soft drink wellspring in his drugstore. This is the place he served his clients invigorating beverages: carbonated water blended in with therapeutic and tasty fixings which he himself picked. What he named as ‘Brad’s drink’ turned into his scandalous beverage in his soft drink wellspring. The elements of the said drink were sugar, carbonated water, uncommon oils, pepsin, cola nuts and vanilla. He made the beverage in 1893 (Bellis, 2007). This specific creation is to become ‘Pepsi Cola’ in 1898. It was renamed after the key fixings, pepsin and cola nuts. In that equivalent year, Bradham bought from a contender that failed the exchange name ‘Pep Cola’ at the cost of 100 US dollars. In June of 1903, the name Pepsi Cola was first presented and trademarked. We will compose a custom exposition test on Soft beverages flexibly chain explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Soft beverages gracefully chain explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Soft beverages gracefully chain explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer It was Bradham’s neighbor who accepted the position of structuring the first historically speaking logo of Pepsi Cola. Business was effective until he bet on the vacillations of sugar costs during World War I bringing about the bankrupt of Pepsi Cola in 1923. The year 1931 saw to the exchange of Pepsi Cola possession to the ‘Loft Candy Company’. The then organization president Charles G. Guth changed the Pepsi Cola equation. Notwithstanding, this change made it hard for Guth to make Pepsi Cola a victor in the business so he depended on offering Pepsi Cola to the Coca-Cola Company, yet without much of any result. 1940 saw to the production of Pepsi Cola history since it was at when the principal business jingle, entitled ‘Nickel Nickel’, was made and disclosed all through the United States of America (Bellis, 2007). Like its rival, Coca-Cola, changes were presented in Pepsi Cola. In 1964, ‘Diet Pepsi’ was offered in the market. For more than 200 years, the specialty of delivering carbonated refreshments has created bringing about its different structures that were proposed to react to the necessities of its clients. Through its advancement, it has secured different economies of the nation’s ventures as key wellsprings of materials and administrations in the assembling of sodas. This implied as the soda pop industry developed, different businesses in the soda pop flexibly chain developed also. These enterprises in the gracefully chain are the makers of fake improving operator, eatable acids, characteristic or fake flavors, and other key fixings that the business needs in its production of soda pops. Apparatus and bundling administrations additionally profited by the soda industry’s achievement. Despite the difficulties of adjusting to the regularly changing necessities of the clients since its commencement, the soda business have presented various packagings, from glass bottles with relating plug crowns, soda pop containers called ‘Hom-Paks’ in the 1920’s, aluminum jars, plastic jugs and today, the utilization of PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) bottles. Additionally along with these changes, the producers of sodas revised their syrup blend to conquer the increasing expense of its key materials. Significant changes were made on its improving specialists to counter the increasing expense of sugar and to fit in with consumer’s endorsement. From Saccharin to Nutra-Sweet, presently corn syrup supplanted sugar as a fixing to soda pops.

tycho brahe essays

tycho brahe expositions Tycho Brahe was a sixteenth century Danish Astronomer. He reformed the investigation of stargazing before the innovation of the telescope. He found data that was in conflict with Aristotelian and Ptolemaic frameworks. He planned and constructed a few instruments that recorded positions and estimations of the stars. Without his revelations and perceptions we would be a long ways behind where we are today in the investigation of the sky. Brahe was conceived on December 14, 1546 in Skane Denmark. He went to the colleges of Copenhagen, Leipzig, Wittenberg, Rostock, and Basel. He was initially in school to consider reasoning and law. In any case, when at Copenhagen, he saw an anticipated obscuration of the sun that occurred on time. He was enchanted by something divine that men should know the movements of the stars so precisely that they had the option quite a while heretofore to anticipate their places and relative positions. This changed his enthusiasm from the law to space science. At the point when he went to Leipzig, he was fixated on space science. He his books and instruments from his mentor and remained up every late evening watching the stars. At the point when he was seventeen, he saw Jupiter and Saturn passing extremely near each other. He checked the tables to see the expectation of when this occasion ought to have occured and saw that the Alfonsine tables were off by a month and the Copernican tables were off by a few days. He concluded that vastly improved tables could be built by progressively precise perception of the specific places of planets over an all-encompassing timeframe. Telescopes had not yet been concocted, so the best way to gauge the places of the gazes was to construct huge quadrants to get views on stars. It took twenty men to set up a huge quadrant, which was a piece of a hover with a nineteen foot sweep. It was graduated in sixtieths of a degree. This quadrant was the start of Brahes official perceptions. On ... <! Tycho Brahe articles Tyge (In Latin as Tycho) Brahe was conceived on December 14, 1546 in Skane, at that point in Denmark, presently in Sweden. He was the main child of Otto Brahe and Beatte Bille, both from families in the high honorability of Denmark (Internet source). He was raised by his uncle Brahe and turned into his beneficiary. He went to the colleges of Copenhagen and Leipzig, and afterward went through the German area, concentrating further at the colleges of Wittenberg, Rostock, and Base and it was during this period that his enthusiasm for speculative chemistry and stargazing was stirred, and he purchased a few cosmic instruments to assist him with his investigations. Tycho Brahe is a significant figure that carried new thoughts into the investigation of cosmology. Tycho Brahe's commitments to space science were gigantic. He not just planned and fabricated instruments; he likewise adjusted them and checked their exactness intermittently. He therefore reformed cosmic instrumentation. He additionally changed observational practice significantly. While prior stargazers had been substance to watch the places of planets and the Moon at certain significant purposes of their circles, Tycho and his cast of associates watched these bodies all through their circles. Subsequently, various orbital irregularities at no other time saw were made unequivocal by Tycho. Without these total arrangement of perceptions of remarkable precision, Kepler couldn't have found that planets move in curved circles. Tycho was likewise the principal space expert to make adjustments for climatic. In 1572 Tycho watched the new star in Cassiopeia and distributed a concise tract about it the next year. Afterward, in 1574 he gave a course of talks on cosmology at the University of Copenhagen. He was currently persuaded that the improvement of space science depended on exact perceptions. After another voyage through Germany, where he visited cosmologists, Tycho acknowledged a proposal from the King Frederick II to finance an observatory. With... <!

Water Essay Example For Free - Free Essay Example

Introduction / Background Can we imagine life without water? Water is a very precious and limited vital natural resource. The demand of water for development of agricultural, industrial, urban use and power generation is increasing at very fast rate. Wise use of these resources should really be the concern of all people, whether they are involved in agricultural production activities or not. By accepting it, we can manage to conserve soil and water effectively, then there will be measurable effect on the development of country. Watershed resources play a significant role in the development of a country depending on the location of a watershed; we can get water for domestic, agriculture and industrial uses. It is for this purpose, proper evolution and management of water resources acquires significant importance. Detailed survey work is carried out to find points of equal elevation, ridges and valleys. The reduced levels obtained from this survey were plotted to obtain contour plan. Three main valleys, which yield the water, were obtained from contour map. The water from these valleys in rainy season is not conserved and gets wasted, and adverse effects are seen such as soil erosion and gully formation. Conversely, if we save and utilize this water there will be proper soil conservation and recharging ground water table will be possible. According to the slope s found on contour plan, various soil and water are constructed in our watershed area. Due to several conservations schemes the water, which have been wanted will get conserved and will give benefit to residents of the area. Water is a limited natural vital resource, which is indispensable for the existence of all-living matter, plant, animal and man. Potable water, which was once thought to be an infinite natural resource, it would not last longer and become as dearer as are fossil fuels today. Today water covers 7/10th part of the globe surface, fills its atmosphere and lies unfathomed, beneath the crust of the world. Only less than 1% of it is fit and available for use and consumption by mankind. There are serious apprehensions that greater part of earth may go without water in the coming decades. Water tables in several Asian countries like India, Pakistan and Bangladesh have already gone significantly low. The further projections are that by 2025 grater part of India may go without water unless suitable new resources are tapped and available water is conserved. Total water in the world estimated to be 1.5 billion cu.Km. about 95% of this is in the salty seas, of the remaining 5% fresh water, 60M.cu.Km are immobilized as continuously frozen polar ice and snow, leaving only 1.5M.cu.Km. As fresh liquid water for plants, animals and man. of the 15 M.cu.Km.of fresh water, of which about 1% is surface water and 99% is stored at varying depths. About half of the ground water is stored at depths greater than 1000m. Therefore for all practical purposes 7M.cu.Km.of fresh water is at reasonable depths plus the 150000cu.Km.of surfaces water is the worlds, usable water where, at any, only 15000 cu.Km.of fresh liquid water exists in lakes and streams of the world. Each year 380000 cu.Km. Of fresh water falls on land oceans, and the same amount is evaporated from the oceans and lands. On an average country like India receives about 120cm of precipi tation per year, mostly as rainfall. On the volume basis is 400 M.Ha.m. The fate of precipitation is estimated as, evaporation 18%; surface runoff 29% and soil infiltration 53%. Nothing can be done to reduce this 18% loss by evaporation. However, wise management can reduce 29% of surface runoff. This can be various water conservation techniques. The wisest management of water is to encourage every drop of rainfall to move into the soil at the point where it strikes the earth. When this happens, evaporation will be at a minimum, there will no erosion and crop production will be at a maximum. Watershed management or protection implies the proper use of all land water resources of a watershed for optimum production with minimum hazard to natural resources. Proper planning is therefore absolutely so as to obtain as many benefits as possible with minimum expenditure. Planning for water resources development in its wider sense may broadly be defined as through study of pros and c ons of various possible ways of harnessing this wonderful natural resource and finally bring down the means and ways of achieving the best and optimum benefits. The concept of watershed is basic to all hydrologic designs. Since big watersheds are made of many smaller watersheds, it is necessary to define the watershed in terms of a point. This point is usually the location at which the design is being made and is referred to as the watershed outlet. With respect to the outlet, the watershed consists of all land area that sheds water to the outlet during a rainfall. Using the concept that water runs downhill watershed is defined by all points enclosed within an area from which rain falling at these points will contribute water to the outlet. Watershed development has been proved as an attractive approach to rural development over recent decades. All the Projects and programmes have been put into practice across America, Africa and South Asia, but it is perhaps in India whe re the approach has been most popular and permanent. Here, central government investment has been running at over US$ 500 million a year. This paper considers watershed development in rural areas where water supplies for domestic use. Several new studies and papers have mentioned the current use of watershed development efforts. When we see some country like India, which are implemented by government, have been widely criticised for a lack of impact. (Rhoades, 1998; Malla Reddy, 2000). Weaknesses in participation, and inflexibility in choice of technology have been blamed in many cases and guidelines for watershed development have been improved. Where watershed development projects have achieved significant impacts, it is often the landed (and not the poor) who have benefited. Positive impacts of projects in dry land India include improved agricultural production, and development of local-level institutions (Batchelor et al. 2000). In India large irrigation canals are we re built in the nineteenth as well as twentieth centuries and large number of multipurpose water resources projects were built in the last century. These projects were either entirely funded or heavily subsidized by national government in recognition of the crucial role of that water plays in national development. Approximately 170 million hectares in India are classified as degraded land, the majority falling in undulating semiarid Areas where rain fed framings is practised (Farrington and Lobo, 1997). These areas are characterised by deforestation, loss of biomass, high rates of erosion and lack of fertile soils which results in low productivity of land and poverty. Seasonal or permanent migration tends to be high in these areas. Migration increases the seriousness of problems related to urbanisation, such as unemployment, poor health and housing problems. Therefore, arresting environmental degradation and increases in land productivity are both necessary aims of rural development programmes in south Asia. The Government of India is giving particular attention to environmental regeneration of catchment areas. Approximately US$ 300 million per year are disbursed by the Government of India on interventions that are aimed at improving all categories of land in watersheds (Farrington and Lobo, 1997). Apart from the Government of India, various state governments, national and international organisations are funding watershed development projects. World population has increased nearly threefold in the last 50 years. The standard of living has gone up. In India nearly 70% of the population still depends up on the agriculture which is the biggest user of water. There is considerable uncertainty as to the climate change and its manifestation. In developing countries both non-government organisations and government development agencies have implemented watershed management projects for last 25 years with the aim of increasing agricultural product ivity and reducing poverty on hillsides in rural areas. Many of the watershed management projects throughout the world have not taken into account land use capacity and its restoration and prevention potential. They have centred on activities that although important at the plot level do not add up to transformations at the landscape level. A major question is, therefore, how to select watershed management sites and activities in such a way that organisations can simultaneously address the social and economic goals for local inhabitants as well as the aims of watershed conservation and restoration. This paper summarises observations derived from earlier assessments of watershed management projects, including short-term reviews of watershed management projects in Bangladesh, Bolivia, Thailand and Uganda carried out by Perez between 1989 and 1999. In all these case, they visited field sites, interviewed project personnel and participant farmers and reviewed project documents a nd other technical literature. They have also taken into account evidence from the international literature on watershed management. Aim The main aim of this research study is: To investigate the demand of water for development of domestic use and agriculture use and To examine how to manage existing water resources. Objectives The objectives of this study are: To control damaging excess. To manage and utilize excess for useful purposes. To control erosion and effect reduction in the sediment production. To have moderate floods in the downstream areas. To enhance ground water storage. Appropriate use of the land resources on the watershed and thus developing Forest and Food Resources The research will look at the current development of various natural resources, particularly land and water, the watersheds or hydraulics units are considered more efficient for carrying out necessary surveys and investigations for assessment of these resources as well as for subsequent planning and implementation of development programs. The watershed approach is more rational because the inherent potential of soil and water resources in a particular area is governed by various factors, most important of which are physiographic, geological base, soil characteristics, climate, present land use, socio economical and legal aspects and other relevant factors. It has been observed that there is optimum interaction between the natural factors of physiographic, soil and climate on watershed bases for their optimum utilization and output. The watershed approach is, therefore, increasingly being employed in various development programmes like soil conservation, command area develo pment, deficiency level area programmes, shifting cultivation, recovery or very hungry areas, erosion control in catchments of river valley projects etc. the watershed also important with respect to the development of water resources in the shape of major, medium and minor irrigation projects. The programmes for water harvesting on form level have been developed on watershed bases. After all the feasible sites for exploitation of the surface water are explored, the only alternative left to cope with the droughts is to make the use of ground water resources. As ground water also depends on the rainfall received, there is need to harvest and use this resources sufficiently with the help of watershed management. For planning a particular watershed, the planner must have a basic objective or multiple objectives and keeping this in mind should then proceed with the formulation and evolution of the various alternatives. The objectives of watershed management programme are to con trol damaging runoff, to manage and utilize runoff for useful purposes, to control erosion and effect reduction in the sediment production, to have moderate floods in the downstream areas, to enhance ground water storage. Appropriate use of the land resources on the watershed and thus developing forest and fodder resources. These objectives can be achieved by bringing about improvement in physical condition of soil through proper managing and cropping with a view to increase water infiltration and holding capacity. Ensuring good crop growth by adopting the recommended agronomic practices for each crop. Practicing other conservation measures like contour Bunding, terracing, contour trenching, contour cultivation, strip cropping, mulching, reclamation of gullies etc. adoption of conservation farming practices to improve agriculture, controlled grazing to keep the pastures productive , water management for irrigation and drainage and all other types of erosion control meas ures could be considered as the parts of watershed management. Methodology A wide variety of methods were used for data collection. These include Best Interviews, Participant observation, Semi-structured focus group interviews, Questionnaire and Case study method. A flexible approach was used for deciding methodologies. In the initial stages of data collection best interviews and group interviews were conducted with experienced watershed committee members, farmers, government officers and non-government organisation representatives. It takes considerable courage to openly accept and discuss the argument one is facing. Therefore in focus groups and best interviews importance was given to active listening, creating a comfortable and friendly atmosphere, building trust and acknowledging the experiences of the narrator without criticism or judgement. To make it easier for participants to discuss their argument and to build relationship, previous argument and their management were discussed to help feel safe through the distance that time gives. Aft er understanding was built people felt more comfortable discussing their present arguments. The other technique of creating distance was through asking similar questions in the context of other watersheds. For this reason, the author of this report explains what a research study is and how it is carried out in this chapter. Definition of research The word research has been defined and explained in so many different ways, but more importantly; all the various definitions seek to point out in one particular direction. The New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary defines Research as A search or investigation undertaken to discover facts and reach new conclusions by the critical study of a subject or by a course of scientific enquiry. Research was defined by Hitchock and Hughes (1993), as the systematic enquiry that is characterized by a certain amount of rigor and governed by set principles and guidelines for procedures. For instance, social research, therefore, refers to bo th the collection and analysis of information on the social world in order thereby to understand and explain it better. According to Naoum (1998), there are two types of research strategies, namely Quantitative research and Qualitative research. The choice of the type to use depends on the purpose of the study and the type and availability of the information which is required. Qualitative Research This type of research emphasizes meanings, experiences, description and so on. The information obtained after carrying out a qualitative research can be categorized into two classes of research. These classes are exploratory and attitudinal. Quantitative Research It is defined as an enquiry into a social or human problem, based on testing a hypothesis or a theory composed of variables, measured with numbers, and analyzed with statistical procedures, in order to determine whether the hypothesis or the theory hold true. Quantitative data is, therefore, not abstract, they are hard and reliable; they are measured of tangible, countable sensate features of the world. Quantitative research, therefore, is said to be objective in nature. Exploratory research This type of research is used when there is limited amount of knowledge about the topic under consideration. The purpose of exploratory research is intertwined with the need for a clear and precise statement of the recognised problem. The raw data provided in exploratory research will be exactly what people have said (in interview or recorded conversation) or a description of what has been observed. Attitudinal research This type of Qualitative research is used to subjectively evaluate the opinion, view or perception of a person, towards a particular object. Qualitative research, therefore, is said to be subjective in nature. Postal Questionnaire This technique of data collection is maybe the most commonly used. It is very suitable for surveys with clearly defined objectives and normally asks questions that need specific response, like write or wrong. The main advantages of postal questionnaires are Economy, Speed and Consultation. Personal interview This is yet another technique of collecting data or information from respondents by a face-to-face interactions. With this technique, answers to questions are received instantly. For the purpose of this work, the author in a bid to collect data for the research analyses, the personal interview technique will be adopted. Personal interviews will be conducted and with a number of selected watershed companies. The feedback received from respondents of the companies selected will then be analysed and conclusions drawn from them. From the conclusion drawn, suitable recommendations will then be made. This research method will be used due to the fact that unlike the research questionnaire, the respondent is known and there is a close interaction between interviewer and respondent. Even though it takes a longer time to go through the interview and the cost is high, the sample size is smaller and the quality of information received is deep and detailed. This is because the int erviewer has the chance to probe and the flexibility to reword question and clarify terms that are not clear. Moreover, with this technique, answers to questions are received instantly, they are more accurate, the rate of response is relatively high and it is easy to analyse why the particular answers are given to the questions. The data received from the interview will be represented and analysed by using graphs and charts. For the purpose of this research, both published and unpublished literature available in the subject area as well as similar areas will be reviewed critically and in details in order to establish facts about the topic and draw conclusions. Also journals, such as magazines and watershed journals will be reviewed since they tend to discuss very current issues in the industry. Other literature to be reviewed will include other research reports as well as reports from seminars. Watershed management websites will be reviewed and information will be gathere d from them. Due to the method selected to be used to collect data, which is the personal interview technique, equipment such as voice recorders and hand held PDAs will be used in order to enhance the data collection process and facilitate easy analysis afterwards. During the data collection process, the writer imagine a lot of travelling hence various transportation means available, such as trains, public buses, taxis and private means, will be used. After the collection of data, computer software such as SPSS will be used to present and analyse the data. Other computer programmes, like Microsoft Office Project and Microsoft Office Excel among other software will be used in order to enhance the final presentation, analysis and conclusion of all the data collected. This proposed research program, even though will yield very physical and useful results, will involve a lot of financial investment due to the resources needed to carry it out successfully. Hence it will cost the researcher a lot of money to be able to achieve good and useful results. Another major control picture will be the willingness and availability of respondents to the survey. It will be very difficult to get respondents who are willing to spare some time to give an interview and even if they do, they might not be sincere in giving accurate responses especially if the questions are a bit searching into their companys activities or personal opinions. Research Beneficiaries / Dissemination This proposed research, when completed successfully, will be a useful report which will go a long way to blow on the watershed industry because it will bring out and highlight some, of the points, of the existing water management in the country and continue to improve the general performance of the watershed industry in the world. Even though quite a lot of research has been carried out in this area and a lot of reports written, most of them are focused on Watershed management and more especially relating it mainly to water resources issues, which is what makes this research a bit different and unique for that matter. This report will be forwarded for publication in different print magazines in the industry and also posted on the internet so that anybody can have access to it. It will not only benefit the watershed industry but other industries can also access it and apply the theories propounded as well.

The Objectives Of The Millennium Development Goals

The Millennium Development Goals are a blueprint that was agreed on by the nations of the world to meet the needs of the world’s poor and are to be achieved by 2015. They are to eliminate poverty globally in all its forms. These goals are continually checked through their indicators that determine how much progress has been made. Reports have been done to keep track of progress. The United Nations partners with many agencies, governments, donors and regional commissions in the achievement of the millennium development goals. These include the World Bank, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), International Monetary fund, World Health Organization and International Labour Organization among others. This report analyses the targets to MDG 1, MDG 5 and MDG 7. They are important for various reasons. The first goal is important since it vital for human and economic development. Undernourished and malnourished people have poor physical and cognitive development therefore threatening the future task force as they will be unproductive. Conflicts occur in a region as people compete for the scarce resources. The achievement of MDG 5 is vital towards eradication of poverty since when maternal health is provided; it ensures that more mothers are in good health. Healthy women are a better workforce for the country and ability to support their families. The environment is a social capital for the poor. Moreover, these targets have marked the greatest achievement as most of them haveShow MoreRelatedMillennium Development Goals And Objectives Essay2100 Words   |  9 PagesFor this reason, the Millennium Development Goals, also known as Millennium Development Goals, were created by leaders of 189 different nations in the year 2000. Millennium Development Goals were originally set in place to better the lives of the world’s poorest people (Millennium Development Goal Achievement Fund, 2015). The Millennium Development Goals are considered to be the world’s â€Å"quantified targets for addressing extreme poverty in its many dimensions†(UN Millennium Project, 2006). Yet, mostRead MoreObjectives Of The Millennium Development Goals1478 Words   |  6 PagesThe project Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are the goals made by all the United Nations member which design for addressing extreme poverty in many dimensions. The Millennium development Goals has drawn attention to 191 countries with eight international development goals in order to cutting the amount of extreme poverty worldwide in half within a set of time on 2015. The MDGs contain the goals of extreme poverty in income, education, gender equality, hunger, disease and environmental sustainabi lityRead MoreObjectives Of The Millennium Development Goals1148 Words   |  5 PagesThe Millennium Development Goals are eight international development goals that have been established by the United Nations (UN) in 2000. Due to the United Nations Millennium Declaration, all 193 countries are 23 international organizations must be committed to help achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015. There were 191 countries that have attended the UN meeting and have agreed to help achieve the goals that are to reduce poverty, focus on health, improved education, and the protectionRead MoreObjectives Of The Millennium Development Goals1523 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The Millennium Development Goals are a blueprint that was agreed on by the nations of the world to meet the needs of the world’s poor and are to be achieved by 2015. They are to eliminate poverty globally in all its forms. These goals are continually checked through their indicators that determine how much progress has been made. Reports have been done to keep track of progress. The United Nations partners with many agencies, governments, donors and regional commissions in the achievementRead MoreIndicators of of Progress and Development950 Words   |  4 Pagesaccepted as key indicators of progress and development till the first half of the twentieth century. This was a preoccupation of classical economists. But in present century there is a great conflict, which relates development with equality, growth without equitable distribution and prosperity alongside rising gender inequalities. None of which are natural but rather influenced by social and cultural factors. There is need to broaden the concept of development to encompass the overall well-being of peopleRead MoreIs The Best Method For Development Sustainable Development Goals?1490 Words   |  6 Pagespaper pertains to the notion that the best method for development is to set clear, measurable goals such as the Millennium Development Goals. In particular, I will first discuss the arguments supporting and questioning this assertion from a number of authors. I will then consider the question of whether or not this model should be replicated for the next generation of efforts, which are starting to become known as the Sustainable Development Goals. Overall, I will argue that, while it is true that thereRead MoreThe Millennium Development Goals Been A Success? Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pageswhat extent have the Millennium Development Goals been a success? Student Number: 1546031 Word Count: 1488 Words In the year 2000, at the Millennium Summit of the United Nations every member state of the UN at the time agreed to help in achieving eight goals that targeted areas such as poverty, education, gender equality, disease and more. Each goal had its own specific targets as well as dates for achieving those targets. Since many of the goals expire on December 31Read MoreTo What Extent Have the Millennium Development Goals Been a Success?1743 Words   |  7 PagesTo what extent have the Millennium Development Goals been a success? by Name Presented to: Instructor Course Institution City Date Introduction The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) provide a comprehensive framework through which the society can address pressing issues of poverty. The MDGs are made up of eight major objectives, which are all related to global development. In 2000, 189 world leaders signed a Millennium Declaration. The leaders set 2015 asRead MoreThe Success of Millennium Development Goals Essay1214 Words   |  5 Pagesstart of the new millennium, the UNO took a very positive initiative in setting a target year in which eight of the world’s most critical problems had to be resolved. The Millennium Summit as it was named was focused on making sure that the world becomes a better place to live in where some of the global problems are eradicated by the countries helping each other. The summit set forth eight goals which were to be achieved by 2015 and named them as the Millennium Development Goals. This was a veryRead MoreThe Millennium Development Goals ( Mdgs ) Essay1659 Words   |  7 Pages The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were established in 2000 to determine, focus on and put into action steps that will fight eight key areas to help underdeveloped countries. The eight targeted areas which are poverty, education, gender equality, child mortality, maternal health, disease, the environment and global partnership place attention on areas that will help the improvement and betterment of underdeveloped countries. MDGs goals and objectives are clear and concise with a development

The Counselling Methods For The Counsellor And The Client...

The aim of this essay is to discuss some of the various counselling method the theory be behind them the strengths and weakness of each theory how they may prove beneficial to the counsellor and the client. Section1. Behaviourism 1. Give a brief account of Pavlov’s theory of classical conditioning (use the terms UCS, UCR, CS and CR) Classic conditioning sometimes called pavlovian conditioning (tocp pg 73) was discovered by Ivan Pavlov during his study of the digestion system in dogs, (glassman and hadad, 2009) classic conditioning is the method of learning by chronological relationship, in other words we may learn to react to one experience the way we would to the another if the two events consistently occur in close sequences. (tocp pg 73) Unconditional stimulus (UCS) -is a stimulus that automatically produces an unconditional response. Unconditional response (UCR) an unconditional stimulus is a stimulus that naturally creates a response. Conditioned response (CR) is learning or be trained to be responsive to a stimulus that previously had no effect. Conditioned stimulus (CS) a condition stimulus is a stimulus that had no impact before repeat association with an unconditional stimulus but over time it can trigger the same reaction as the brain begins to associate the conditions stimulus with the unconditioned. 2. Give a brief account of skinners theory of operant conditioning. The main points of operant conditioning are positive reinforcement and negativeShow MoreRelatedBriefly Outline the Key Features of a Cognitive-Behavioural Approach to Counselling1478 Words   |  6 Pagescognitive-behavioural approach to counselling and discuss some of the ways in which this approach differs from one of the other main approaches to counselling. In part two reflect on and write about which of the two approaches discussed in your essay you prefer and why. This essay will explain key aspects of a cognitive-behavioural approach to counselling. Revealing how this method of counselling differs from the psychodynamic approach, and demonstrating my preferred method. The first of these approachesRead Morehow to learn705 Words   |  3 Pagesunderpins all CPCAB’s qualifications. It consists of three parts, which together form a working model of the counsellor. The first two parts also provide a working model of the helper. 1. Seven processes 2. Different levels of work 3. Three therapeutic methods Part 1: Seven processes The first part of the CPCAB model is the idea that, whenever a counsellor is working with a client (or when a helper is working with a helpee, or a supervisor is working with a supervisee), there are seven processesRead MoreCounselling Skills1206 Words   |  5 Pagesself-reflection of counselling skills The purpose of this essay is describing the counselling practices that I did in my class room. I n this reflective essay, I will describe the style of counselling that I used so far , the actions I had taken, the area of skills where I need further improvement, my perception about the feedbacks from other students and faculty supervisor . By discussing this particular experience in detail, I can start to aware of the specific skills and technique which counsellor may useRead Morecounselling theory essay1690 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Unit 2: Introduction to Counselling Skills Theories Theory Essay Written Introduction In this essay I will describe key elements of Psychodynamic theory, Person-Centred theory and Cognitive-Behavioural theory. I will also identify the key differences between the above theories. I shall also describe how counselling theory underpins the use of counselling skills in practise. I will then end with my conclusion. 1.1 Key elements of psychodynamic theory Dr Sigmud Freud (1856-1939), isRead MoreThe Key Elements Of Person Centred Counselling1284 Words   |  6 PagesBefore describing and evaluating the key elements of Person Centred Counselling (PCC) this essay will share a short description into the background of PCC in order to show its growth and how PCC is intertwined within other forms of counselling therapies. According to Sanders (2013) Dr. Carl Rogers, (1902-1987) was an American psychologist and the founder of what is now known as person-centred counselling or psychotherapy. Rogers was and still is held in high regard throughout many different fieldsRead MoreUnconditional Positive Respect1569 Words   |  7 Pagesin counselling, unconditional positive regard, congruence and empathy is crucial. Find. Conditional positive regard is based on whether if the client meets specific expectations, desire or requirements unlike unconditional positive regard. On the other hand unconditional positiv e regard can in some cases be difficult for the counsellor. Sometimes the counsellor may strong disagree with racist or prejudice views but in the counselling sessionRead MoreCareer Counselling Assignment Pt1 By Ja Essay example1346 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿CAREER COUNSELLING (ASSIGNMENT 1) Qn: ASSESSMENTS ARE AN INTEGRAL PART IN CAREER COUNSELLING. AS A RESPONSIBLE AND TRAINED COUNSELLOR, WHAT ARE THE PROFESSIONAL AND ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITIES IN CONDUCTING AN ASSESSMENT FOR CAREER COUNSELLING THROUGHTOUT THE PROCESS OF INTERVENTION? Many of us who are not in this profession might interpret career counselling incorrectly. We thought it is about undergoing sessions with a counsellor to help us decide or determine what career and vocation we shouldRead MoreCounselling And The Scope Of Counselling Relationships1432 Words   |  6 Pagespurpose of counselling and the scope of counselling relationships, including professional limitations. Purpose of Counselling †¢ A counsellor seeks to bring about positive change in the way a client thinks and behaves, with empathy and genuineness, so they can make the change within themselves. †¢ This is done through the use of certain communication skills to make the client feel at ease so they feel comfortable to recognise and deal with any issues they have and together with the counsellor encouragingRead MoreThe Johari Window And Bernes Function Ego State Model Of Self-Development1010 Words   |  5 PagesModels of self-development and the value of personal therapy. Laura Edwards. Access to counselling day. Figure 1. CONTENTS PAGE. Page 3: Introduction. Page 4: Johari Window. Page 5: Eric Bernes, Ego State model of self-development. Page 6: How personal counselling/therapy can form self-understanding. Page 7: How self-understanding is key to understanding othersRead MoreAssessment : An Essential Element Of The Counselling Process And Ethical Client Care1159 Words   |  5 Pages1. Assessment is an essential element of the counselling process and ethical client care. Through assessment, counsellors are able to ascertain important information about the nature, magnitude and impact of the problem ; the interplay between family , relationships and past experiences with respect to the problem; the client’s strength and readiness for counselling ; and whether counselling can be beneficial to the client (Drummond Jones, 2010). 2. There are two main approaches to successfully

Kabanata free essay sample

ADHD is one of the most common childhood disorders. Approximately 3-7% of school-aged children have the disorder. Prevalence rates seem to vary by community, with some research indicating that larger cities may have rates as high as 10-15%. ADHD produces symptoms that are characterized by distractibility, hyperactivity, poor impulse control, and forgetfulness. The attention deficit component of ADHD refers to inattention, or difficulty focusing for long periods and being easily distractible. The hyperactivity portion of ADHD is used to describe behavior that is restless, agitated, and difficult to resist. Hyperactive individuals often appear as if they NEED to move. They are in almost constant motion, and frequently make excessive noise. Although impulsivity is not included in the diagnositic label, it is also considered a behavior characteristic of this disorder. When impulsivity is paired with hyperactivity, the person appears to act without prior thought or intention. Impulsive behaviors are often intrusive, rude, and dangerous, sometimes resulting in accidents. For example, children may not think about landing when they jump off a ledge to catch a ball. Given that all children tend to exhibit some of the behaviors characteristic of ADHD, such as daydreaming, restlessness, or thoughtlessness, it is important to understand the difference between normal behaviors and a true disorder. True ADHD symptoms are long-term and severe enough to impair someones every day functioning. Moreover, symptoms must occur in more than one environment. For example, in children, this means that the ADHD symptoms interfere with success in school and relationships with parents, siblings, or peers. For adults, ADHD interferes with both work and family functioning. Individuals with this disorder should not give up hope. There are many different treatment options that can help people successfully manage ADHD symptoms and move forward in their lives. Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are caused by a deficiency in the transmission system which relays messages between cells in various parts of the brain. Gently stimulating the frontal lobe with Sound Therapy can correct the auditory processing problems, helping children to curb their impulsiveness and focus. The majority of children with ADD or ADHD have auditory reception problems. Although they can hear, they have difficulty making sense of what they hear they cannot tune out unwanted input and focus on selected sounds. This indiscriminate reception of auditory input leads to the inability to focus attention on a selected topic for any length of time. Poor functioning of the frontal lobe means the child cannot think quickly enough to put the brakes on and control the impulse to act. This impulsiveness and hyperactivity also leads to behavioural problems and poor social skills. ADHD, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, used to be known as attention deficit disorder, or ADD. In 1994, it was renamed ADHD. The term ADD is sometimes still used, though, to describe a type of ADHD that doesnt involve hyperactivity. ADHD is a medical condition that affects how well someone can sit still, focus, and pay attention. People with ADHD have differences in the parts of their brains that control attention and activity. This means that they may have trouble focusing on certain tasks and subjects, or they may seem wired, act impulsively, and get into trouble. Symptoms and Signs of ADHD Although ADHD begins in childhood, sometimes its not diagnosed until a person is a teen — and occasionally not even until someone reaches adulthood. Because ADHD is a broad category covering different things — attention, activity, and impulsivity — it can show up in different ways in different people. Some of the signs of ADHD are when someone: has difficulty paying attention or staying focused on a task or activity has problems finishing assignments at school or home and jumps from one activity to another has trouble focusing on instructions and difficulty following through loses or forgets things such as homework s easily distracted, even when doing something fun has problems paying close attention to details or makes careless mistakes has trouble organizing tasks and activities has difficulty waiting ones turn interrupts or intrudes on other people blurts out answers before questions have been completed fidgets with hands or feet or squirms about when seated f eels restless talks excessively and has trouble engaging in activities quietly Sound Therapy is an ideal treatment for all children and can be easily used at home or in the classroom. Simply by listening through ear phones to specially filtered music and stories, the child’s auditory processing system enhanced. The program is valuable for a child’s development, just as physical movement, spinning, swinging and co-ordination skills are important. Sound Therapy is like exercise for the ear and the auditory processing and sensory integration centres in the brain. Whether your child is developing and performing normally, is exceptionally gifted, or is experiencing some kind of learning or developmental difficulties, Sound Therapy can be a valuable support. The effects of music therapy in medical treament Music, an important part of human’s life, has been used in many cultures across the world from prehistoric era. However, a special aspect that it can be a form of therapy is not familiar to everyone. Music therapy is a tool to make positive changes in individual behavior using different kinds of curing music such as nature sounds, classical music, etc. Through the therapy, the curative effects are promoted within a patient’s body and mentality because of soothing or vitalizing effect on the patient. Although, there are many undiscovered uses in treatment, it can work with the patients who could not be cured by traditional therapy

The Power of Story Telling Essay Example

The Power of Story Telling Essay To understand and learn from different textual materials is the real essence of reading.   This is the very reason why it is perceived that kindergarten learners need to continuously increase their reading comprehension skills as they move forward with their grade or school levels (Williams, 1998).   Based on reports, teachers are worrying that as time goes by, more and more learners go to school without the expected knowledge and skills in reading and comprehending textual materials given to them (Snow, 2002). Needless to say, the children-learners’ literacy level tend to go down which is brought by many different factors.Indeed, there have been recent studies conducted which reveal that increasing the literacy level of the kindergarten learners is becoming a challenging tasks for the teachers.   Students who are in the in their middle age of learning are already being taught for proper reading and comprehension.   However, there are reports that show that there are i ncreasing number of students who have gone to higher levels but â€Å"are still not fully equipped with the right reading and comprehension perspectives,† thus a big task to teachers and other educational facilitators nowadays is how to increase the reading comprehension of students in the middle school (Snow, 2002). For this reason alone, different teaching methods and approaches have been tried to eliminate the continuing problem on low literacy level.With all the information stated above, it should be realized that to increase the literacy skills of the young learners, teachers need to provide extra time to their students. This ‘extra time’ can be consumed by reading to the students. And this is where story telling comes in really handy.Storytelling is an ancient art, as old as oral communication itself. To be human is to be a storyteller; we use stories to define ourselves, to make sense of our world, and to create community. Unfortunately, educators includi ng teacher-librarians- have often neglected storytelling as a teaching tool and as a useful skill for students.The oral tradition of telling stories goes back to the beginning of spoken language. Long before historical events were written down, storytellers relayed stories to preserve culture and heritage (Vansina, 1985). The earliest recorded stories, such as the tales of Gilgamesh, Beowulf, and the Greek and Norse myths, were first communicated as oral tales (Thompson, 1946).There are a number of benefits that can be derived in storytelling to children-learners.   One of the most important aspect that story telling brings to learners is its ability to stimulate interest in reading. If a teacher is orally sharing a story that is based on a book, it is important to let the students know that the book is available to be checked out of the school library. Most students love to hear stories, and that the story can often be transferred to the printed word.Storytelling teaches and rein forces both oral and listening skills (Groce, 2001) two basic life skills that usually do not receive the same attention in schools as reading and writing. The pleasure that children can receive by listening to stories helps them associate listening with enjoyment. They also learn how to be respectful listeners. Storytelling enhances vocabulary and language development, assisting students in discovering both the beauty and the power of words. Many adults in todays society are afraid of speaking in front of an audience. When children and youth are involved in oral presentations, they become more comfortable with public speaking as they grow older. Thus, storytelling can help foster self-confidence and poise (Caulfield, 2000).A well-told story can nurture the imagination of students and assist them in mental visualization (Baker ; Greene, 1977). Too often the youths are bombarded with audio and visual stimulation and are rarely provided opportunities to mentally see characters, setti ngs, and actions. When students tell stories, they are offered outlets for their own creative expression. The storyteller can change a story, adding ideas or details that make it ones own creation. This is often referred to as making a story your own.Storytelling through the ages has been used as a teaching tool, whether for imparting the values contained in many of the folktales or for simply passing along information. Facts embedded in a story are generally much easier to learn and recall than when presented in an informational format (Wagner Smith, 1969).Each culture has its own folktales and stories; thus, participation in storytelling can convey an awareness and appreciation of other cultures. It is a way of respecting the heritage of a particular culture, reinforcing societal values, and keeping traditions and folk heroes alive.Most important, storytelling is fun. Stories can be funny, suspenseful, exciting, and thought provoking. Having times in our school day to laugh and b e entertained provides opportunities for students to relax and adds variety to classroom routines.The Best Approaches to StorytellingOn Selecting a StoryOne of the most important steps in storytelling is the selection of a story that will be shared aloud. Not every book can be used to tell a story. The selected story should have a definite beginning, middle, and end. Folktales, myths, legends, hero tales, humorous stories, and realistic stories are especially suitable for storytelling. Consider the age of the audience when choosing a story. Young children love stories with repetition and pleasing word sounds, whereas older children prefer stories that have action, humor, and suspense. The teachers should always choose a story that he/she enjoys him/herself (Wagner Smith, 1969).On Preparing a StoryBefore attempting to tell a story, the teacher should read it through several times and try to picture the events and hear the voices of the characters. Although the teacher may want to me morize repetitive, interesting, and beautiful phrasing that will help retain the flavor of the original story, avoid memorizing an entire story. Develop a clear outline of the story plot in mind, and then simply tell it. It is particularly important to be familiar with the beginning and the end of a story. Once the teacher feels comfortable that he/she knows the story thoroughly, try to imagine the audience and then practice telling the story aloud numerous times (Wagner Smith, 1969).On Telling the StoryThe following are several tips that can help both the teachers and the kindergarten learners and become successful storytellers (Baker Greene, 1977): ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Use natural voice, speaking simply in an unaffected way. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Speak loudly enough to be easily heard. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Articulate clearly. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Use pauses and changes of pace and pitch to create moods. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Use gestures when appropriate, but avoid movement that is unrelated to the story. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Keep face alive and expressive. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Maintain eye contact with the listeners. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Subordinate oneself to the story.Remember, the teachers are the instrument while the story is the main feature.Some Extension Activities for StorytellingAlthough the teachers’ ultimate goal is to have kindergarten students begin to tell their own stories, the teacher may want to begin getting students involved in storytelling by having them participate in some extension activities of stories that another adult storyteller shares. The following are some activities that can be used to involve students in storytelling (Baker Greene, 1977): ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Discuss possible other endings for a story. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tell something that could have happened to one o f the characters in a story before or after the story. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Using a microphone, interview the characters in a story, with one student being a television news reporter and other students being the characters in a story. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Write a different ending for a story. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Write a journal entry as one of the characters in a story. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Write a poem about a story. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Make up a song or jingle for the story. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Write a newspaper article about what happened in a story. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Research one of the characters in a story. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Draw a picture of a favorite scene in a story. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Make a comic strip of a story. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Make a story quilt, with each student drawing a different part of a story and t hen piecing drawings together. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Make props that can be used to retell a story. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Act out a story using sound effects, movements, and gestures. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Take turns retelling a story by passing along a magic wand or other object and have each student tell a portion of the story. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Retell a story from another point of view. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Retell a story, sharing it with a different audience.ConclusionIndeed, increasing the literacy skills of the young learners is not an easy task. There are varied factors that both the teachers and the learners need to consider before they can fully succeed in their goal.   One of the foremost factors that teachers should really take into consideration is the ways in which they could provide more time to read to the students and at the same time stimulate them to read. And it was found out that storyte lling can achieve such objectives.Storytelling is still very much a part of the work of youth services librarians in school and public libraries. Whether stories are told with props, costumes, puppets, or flannel boards or whether a storyteller stands alone at the front of the room, stories can stimulate children to read, to listen, and to use their creative skills. Most important, listening to and telling stories helps children connect with and understand themselves and other people, a valuable asset in an increasingly complex and diverse world and the most dominating criteria to increasing the literacy skills.Pedagogical ApplicationsAs a teacher, I would like to enhance my storytelling skills so that I can use this as part of my everyday learning programs for the young learners that I am handling. Based on the ideas presented above, story telling to the kindergarten students will truly augment, not only their literacy skills but also some aspect of their own mental, psychological and/or overall personality, with which I, as the teacher needs to provide due consideration also. By this alone, I am most confident that by giving some time – everyday, or maybe twice a day for storytelling (such as in the mat time), educational achievement of my young learners will become on a high level.

History Hitler Essay On Economic Policies

History Hitler Essay On Economic Policies History Hitler Essay On Economic Policies History Question: Was preparing for war the main reason for Hitler’s economic policies? Answer: I do think that Hitler’s main reason for economic policies was to prepare for the war. But at the start we can see that Hitler had to deal with a lot of problems when the Nazis came into power the German economy wasn’t in a good state and Hitler had to sort this all out. However, with the recovery of the economy came a clearer focus on preparation for war, and after the introduction of the 4-year plan in 1936, we can consider that there was a significant leaning towards Hitler's aim for war. In 1933, the German economy showed significant weaknesses in all its major areas. Although it was in fact at the end of the cycle of depression this was not yet clear and the recovery of the economy was important for Germany. Hitler himself also had little involvement at this stage his interest was mainly ideological and he had limited economic understanding. Nazi economic policy in these early years revolved around traditional socialist principles; for example the nationalisation of industry, and focused on reducing unemployment and building up infrastructure. Firstly, Hitler wanted Germany to be in a better state because without that he wouldn’t be able to start the war and also wanted to gain the trust from the people of Germany. So to do that he acted as forming a policy for the employed workers in which was Hitler believed that the trade of union could disrupt the economy so he banned them in 1933. Then he set up the DAF (German Labour Front) this organisation was to ensure that the workers served the best to the Nazi regime. It also controlled the power of employees and also the employer’s rights. It also regulated the working hours for the workers. However, the German people lost their freedom of work but the German army was growing from 1000,000 to 9000,000 established the minimum working class for the workers which prevented the workers going against the Nazi policy. Now, Hitler had to look at the unemployed people because most of the unemployed people were communist so he wanted the support of every German citizen so for this he also established a policy for unemployed men which was that he set up the RAD (National Labour Service). It was made compulsory after 1935 that all young men serve in the service for six months. However, the rates of pay for these were very low, and these men had to work in fields, build public buildings and autobahns (motorways) which on another hand improved the economy as well as the infrastructure. Also the public work scheme was important for Hitler as more jobs had to be created to meet the needs of the preparations of the war this meant coal and chemical industries have to be doubled. Hitler had already decided about the women in Nazi Germany as he had made the three K’s for them, children, church and family. However, the social life for the people of Germany became really better after Hitler's policies as some of the people were given prizes such as free tickets to the theatre, free holidays with the family etc. Overall, unemployment decreased so hardship was reduced this caused Germans’ lives to be better and the DAF worked with German workers to ensure they were prevented from exploitation of employees and to make sure they are treated fairly, this meant workers were more happy to participate in work. After all this Hitler now needed to make Germany stronger so that it can be able to fight in the war because doing this was important for the future of Germany to make sure they were safe if a war should occur. In the mid-1970's, a team of scientists in America identified 25 crops growing in almost 9000 fields in California's Imperial Valley, without even being near the valley. The thing that made it possible for them to name the crops, which included lettuce and tomatoes, were pictures taken by a satellite that had passed over the valley at an altitude of 570 miles. These Earth satellites can pick

Jung's Neo Psychodynamic Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Jung's Neo Psychodynamic Theory - Essay Example There are two main types of phobias, which are as follows: 1) specific phobia and 2) the social phobia (Phobia Variations Defined and Explained, n.d.). Commonly, specific phobia is a continuing and unfounded fear coupled with a strong sense of desire to steer clear of specific situations or objects (Phobia Variations Defined and Explained, n.d.). The extensive assortment of stimulus that may elicit the fear is usually lesser than in other types of phobia disorders, hence, specific phobias are also called simple phobias (Phobia Variations Defined and Explained, n.d.). Social phobia on the other hand is a â€Å"social anxiety disorder,† which if apparent in children is likewise termed â€Å"avoidant disorder† (Phobia Variations Defined and Explained, n.d.). People who experience social phobias are fearful of social activities like meetings, parties, making complaints, interacting with others, etc. Most individuals who suffer from this disorder believe that they are being scrutinized and assessed by others once they are out in public, that is why they shun to be within the midst of others, strangers and family members alike (Phobia Variations Defined and Explained, n.d.). In comparison to simple phobias, social phobia does not diminish as the individual grows older and disappears once puberty and early adulthood is reached. It has the reversed effect of the aforementioned phobia since social phobia continues or intensifies as the person grows older (Phobia Variations Defined and Explained, n.d.). Generally, phobias are offshoots of memories and imaginations; and are sometimes based on factual reasons. However, it is always best to be able to differentiate genuine fears from phobias as early as possible (Phobia Variations Defined and Explained, n.d.). The subject is a thirty-five year old female, married and currently working as a secretary in an urban city capital of Europe. Ms. Iris, the patient, is often uneasy in the company of others

Asgnmt Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Asgnmt - Assignment Example terus, increased amniotic fluid, prolonged or rapid labor, medical instruments which cause trauma during delivery and placental problems such as placenta previa can lead to postpartum hemorrhage. In order to ensure the safety of the mother a thorough assessment is done by the nursing staff after labor. During the postpartum assessment nurses need to include any history of postpartum hemorrhage along with the present condition of the mother. The video clearly explains the various assessments and interventions that are required to be done. The video gives a clear explanation of the procedures for carrying out various preliminary investigations postpartum such as palpitation of the uterine fundus and determining the firmness of the uterus. Massage is given in case the uterus does not appear to be firm. In case of a full bladder the mother should be encouraged to void. The video also explains how to determine the amount and color of lochia and that increased bleeding could be indicative of risk of hemorrhage. Medication is administered in case of a prolonged uncontracted uterus by injecting into the IV fluid followed by constant monitoring. The labia and perineum are examined for pain. In addition the episiotomy and presence of hemorrhoids are also examined. The mother is taught about the various methods by which pain can be reduced using ice and analgesics or narcotics. Sprays are used to decrease topical discomfort and tucks can help decrease pain due to hemorrhoids. Immediate assessments also include recording of vital signs such as temperature and blood pressure, skin temperature and color and mucus membrane are also assessed. In case of a C-section, the mother is additionally examined for the level of consciousness in case of general anesthesia and for epidural anesthesia the feeling and movement of extremities are assessed. The respirations, oxygen saturation are also monitored in case narcotics have been used. In addition, the intactness of the surgical

Balance Sheet and Sylvan Essay Example for Free

Balance Sheet and Sylvan Essay On January 1 2007, Pillar purchased 60% of the common shares of Sylvan for $4,500. On that date, Sylvan had common shares of $1,250 and retained earnings of $3,000. Fair values were equal to carrying values for all Sylvan’s net assets except inventory, capital assets and notes payable. The fair value of inventory was $60 more than book value, the book value of capital assets was $100 greater than fair value and the Notes payable had a fair value of $150 less than book value. Assume that all shares of Sylvan have the same value and no control premium was paid at the date of acquisition. The Consolidated Financial statements will be prepared using IFRS Entity Method. The financial statements for Pillar and Sylvan for the year ended December 31, 2010 were as follows: Balance Sheets December 31, 2010 $000’s PILLAR SYLVAN Cash $680 $435 Accounts receivable 1,755 1,025 Inventory 2,849 1,790 Capital assets—net 3,976 3,000 Investment in Sylvan 4,500 Total assets $13,760 $6,250 Current liabilities $400 $255 Notes payable 5,800 1,185 Common shares 2,000 1,250 Retained earnings 5,560 3,560 Total $13,760 $6,250 Statements of Income and Retained Earnings Year Ended December 31, 2010 PILLAR SYLVAN Sales and all other Income $4,040 $2,710 Cost of sales 1,600 1,140 2,440 1,570 Amortization (480) (310) Other expenses and losses including taxes (500) (210) Net income 1,460 1,050 Additional information: numbers in $000’s 1. Capital assets are to be amortized over an average remaining useful life of 8 years at January 1, 2007 and the notes payable mature on December 31, 2011. Goodwill impairment losses for 2008 and 2010 were $240 and $300 respectively. Straight line amortization is acceptable for all acquisition differentials. 2. At December 31, 2010, Sylvan’s inventory included goods purchased from Pillar for $760. Total purchases from Pillar in 2010 were $1000 all priced at mark-up’s averaging 25% of Pillar’s cost. 3. On December 31, 2009, the inventories of Pillar contained $500 of merchandise purchased from Sylvan. Sylvan earns a gross margin of 30% on all sales to Pillar. During December 2010, Pillar purchased merchandise from Sylvan for $900 and did not pay for$250 of the purchases by December 31, 2010. 40% of the inventory was resold by Pillar before the year end. 4. On July 1, 2010, Sylvan sold a new tract of Land to Pillar for $170. On December 1, 2009, Sylvan had bought the land for $200. The fair market value of the land at July 1, 2010 was $220. 5. On September 30, 2008, Pillar sold Land to Sylvan for $100. The land had a book value of $60 on the date of the sale. 6. On December 1, 2010, Pillar and Sylvan declared and paid dividends of $150 and $100 respectively. 7. Both companies pay taxes at the rate of 40%. Assume all intercompany Transactions are taxed at 40% REQUIRED: Please use a GREEN BOOKLET 1. Prepare a Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2010. (22 Marks) 2. Prepare an independent calculation of ENDING Consolidated Retained Earnings at December 31, 2010. (11 marks) 3. Assume Pillar wishes to use the equity method in their General Ledger, calculate Investment income from Sylvan for the year ending December 31, 2010 (10 Marks) NOTE: This question will help you prepare for the technical question on the midterm. Do more than the question asks so that you are prepared for any possible questions you may be asked: Eg. Prepare a Consolidated Income statement and an independent calculation of Consolidated Net Income attributable to Parent company shareholders Calculate the Investment Income under the equity method: Note the only difference between the equity method used when significant Influence is present and the equity method used in the general ledger of the parent when control is present is the treatment of downstream transactions. According to IAS 28.28 all unrealized intercompany profits are eliminated proportionately between investor and investee. Therefore if investor owns 30% of investee, 30% of all unrealized profits/losses are removed. When control exists the parent eliminates upstream proportionately with NCI and downstream unrealized profits are eliminated 100% from parent. Check figures: At December 31, 2010 Goodwill at acquisition ($3,140) $2,600 Consolidated total Assets $17,615.6 Capital assets $6916 Consolidated Retained Earnings $5331.28 NCI Balance Sheet $2924.32 Consolidated Net Income Entity $2052.1 Attributable to Parent shareholders 1754.78 Attributable to NCI $297.32 Investment account Balance sheet :equity method $4,271.28 Investment income equity method 2010 $354.78(removing 100% downstream)

Ernest Hemingways The Old Man and the Sea Essay -- Essays Papers

Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea The Old Man and the Sea was written by Ernest Hemingway and published in 1952. This is a captivating fiction story about a man named Santiago and his adventure when one day, he goes on a fishing journey to catch the big one. However, this adventure quickly becomes one of pain and suffering when things take a turn for the worse. The Old Man and the Sea takes in place in Havana, Cuba and the fishing waters off the coast of Havana. The Spanish names, Santiago and Manolin, are typical in Cuba. Cuba is mostly Catholic so this accounted for Santiago's devotion to Jesus Christ. The year seems to be around the 1930's and 1940's because Santiago is a big fan of Joe DiMaggio who played during these years. In the 1930's and '40's, the city of Havana was booming with population and business. Seafood is one of the most popular foods in Havana so to meet the rising demand of fish, many young boys learned how to be fishermen as Manolin did. Santiago is a complex character who learns a lot through the course of this story. He is a very good, humble man and loves Manolin, his apprentice. Santiago is a poor man and is regarded as bad luck by others because he was not caught a single fish in 84 days. One cannot help feel sorry for him because he is very alone. His wife died and the book suggested that he never had any children. Yet he was humble and did not complain at all about his hard life. Santiago is a very persistant and determined character. He fought the huge marlin that he had caught for three agonizing days desopite feeling intense pain. He often had contradictory feelings and thoughts. One that I found strange was when he felt sorry for the marlin while he joyfully pondered how much money he would get for selling the fish. Mololin is Santiago's apprentice. Since he was a young child, Manolin has accompanied Santiago to learn how to fish. Santiago loves him very much because he sees him as the son he never had. However Manolin's parents stops him from going to Santiago because they think he is cursed and has bad luck. Santiago is an old fisherman and has been for most of his life. He used to have an apprentice named Manolin but his parents made stop because of the belief that he is bad luck for he hasn't caught a fish in eighty four days. One day he decided that he wasn't going home without catching a fish. So ... ...is telling its readers to look at the positive aspects of things, even if at first it seems like a tragedy. A personal example of this is when my family got our first cat. My mom was in subway on her way to work, she was already late. She was running to catch a train only to see the doors close right in her face. She got on the train worried on what her boss will say. She sat next to a very sad woman with a kitten in a cage. When asked what was wrong she said that she found a lost kitten and since her super doesn't allow cats in the apartment, she was going to the shelter to leave the kitten. My mother said she would keep the kitten and the woman gladly gave it to my mom. Hemmingway's novel goes to show that things aren't as bad as they first seem. The Old Man and the Sea also expresses humility. Santiago is a fairly poor man and often goes hungry, yet he never complains or protests. Santiago shows his humility many other times in the novel like when he was batting the marlin and he gashed his hand and received other severe wounds. Finally he never said a word of anger when he battled the sharks to save his fish but failed. Humility is a good attribute that many of us don't have.

Industrialization in Ireland

When Ireland began to industrialize in the 1960s and 1970s, why did it mostly occur in rural Ireland and what were the consequences for the rural residence? Industrialisation in the 1960s and 1970s. When most people in the world think of Ireland, they imagine green fields with farm animals, old cottages, stone walls, rocky roads, people riding around on horse-back and men working in the bogs. However Ireland actually has one of the quickest fastest economies in the world. Rural Industrialisation played a huge role in this growth. Industrialisation is a very important part of Irish history.It was a new beginning for the Irish people living in rural areas and it created a change in gender composition within the labour force. Women were now earning their own money from working in the factories, they were attending social events and they were more independent as they did not need permission from husbands, fathers or brothers to attend such events. It has been the catalyst of social chang e. However there were consequences that came with this new development that cannot be forgotten. Industrialisation began mainly in rural areas in the 1960s and 1970s.Before it occurred, Mayo had the second highest percentage in population decline and the unemployment rates were seventy percent. It also had very high rates of poverty and emigration. A percentage of fifty six of the working population was in agriculture, a percentage of twenty nine worked in services and fifteen percent worked in industries. In 1996 the census showed that most of the male population worked in industry while sixteen percent of the female population worked in services. The main industrial areas at that time were Cork, Dublin, Waterford and Limerick.In 1958, the civil servants decided protectionism was a failed strategy. They decided to set up the IDA as a source of employment. The multinational firms were set up post World War 2 in rural areas. They provided two thousand one hundred jobs throughout Iris h rural areas and one thousand seven hundred and eighty-five of these jobs were held by women. The multinational companies chose rural areas in Ireland to set up their firms. They moved from core regions to peripheral regions because farmers were powerful in the 1950s therefore they could provide resources such as farm produce, tanning and spinning wool for the factories.Because of that they located in areas such as Shannon and Mayo rather than the core region of Dublin. They wanted to employ women in these firms as they felt that women ‘naturally’ had a dexterity that men didn’t have. Men never engaged in those types of activities whereas women would have learned them from their mothers. Ireland at this time had low labour costs and export profit tax relief and this was very beneficial for the multinational firms. These factories like to be isolated so that they will have no connection with local areas except for a labour force and this was possible in rural are as.Multinational firms are ‘footloose’, they can be located anywhere around the world. They have remained in Ireland since 1952 so that they can remain in the European loop. There were many consequences for the residence of these rural areas. The local politicians felt under pressure as their door was knocked on if there were any disputes with these multinational companies. Families went to politicians with their disputes, the politician would go to the IDA with the dispute, the IDA would investigate the dispute and inform the Taoiseach.This became known as dependant industrialisation. There were consequences in households where women worked in the factories and the males roles were changing. The man of the house would do the washing up and the school run instead of the woman for the first time. Farm work was substantially lower for part time farmers than for full time farmers. This was due to part time farmers working full time in the industrial factories and working p art time on the farm. This resulted in less labour intensive production on their farms.Some families were also losing family members to work on the farms as half of the women who worked in these firms were from farming backgrounds and some of these women would move to Ballina during the weeks therefore they were unable to do farm until the weekends. This also affected family relationships as the women no longer experienced the world solely with their families. Women would usually be given land from their fathers to build a family home however with them now receiving their own wage from the factories some would build their houses elsewhere with their spouses to aintain their independence from their fathers. Their independence also caused family diversity on religious views as women weren’t following the traditional Irish way of life. As they were not under supervision, they could travel to other towns to buy condoms, going against their religious faith. Diversity developed bet ween the entrepreneurial middle class and the working class in the rural areas as there was differences in wages, education and jobs. This meant that the interclass was blurred creating a class-less society.Hiring of women had some consequences for trade unions. Since the 1970s we have seen the increasing of trade unions militancy in the state sector leading to them declining in the private sector. This is because of their lack of attention to the needs and rights of the women working in these factories. Three ways the trade union could have provided for these women working in the factories are equal pay, creches and maternity leave. Creches were not seen as an important issue in the trade union. The mothers were also partly responsible for this issue.There was a sense of shame felt by women who would bring their young children to work as it gave an impression of a neglected child with an uncaring mother. The ITGWU argued against the trade union in favour of providing creches in fac tories. The trade union argued that the women had not demanded creches therefore it was not an issue as far as they were concerned. The rights of Women were ignored within the trade union as they did not take their arguments seriously. Bargaining over sick pay, closed shop, holidays etc. had been seized.A huge consequence to that affected the life of the women working in the factories was that there was no maternity leave, therefore they could either give up work permanently or leave for a few months and return. This effected women rights and they were often pressured by friends, relatives and husbands to give up work and raise the child after birth. Equal pay was another issue ignored by the trade union at this time. Men were receiving higher wages than women, even if both genders were doing the same job. Women are encourages to attend ITGWU meetings regularly to become involved or they are sent to Dublin to do courses.However the women have said that they are hardly ever told when they are holding a meeting or they are told at the end of work when they have to travel home and don’t have the time to attend these meetings. Women think of themselves as the opposition of their fellow male workers and of the management in the factory. Women look at the union as an organisation that takes money from their wages while they get nothing in return. Although there were many consequences for the residence of these areas, there were some positive outcomes of industrialization. Women became more independent as they were making their own money.They would give their earnings to the male ‘breadwinner’ and he would spend it on household goods. He would give her pin back money to spend on luxury goods. This began their lifestyle. They became the catalyst in the consumer society in the west of the Shannon. The demand was met by the opening of boutiques and the first record store in the west of the Shannon. Buying luxury goods was a celebration of their statu s. They could make their own decisions and go to the pub without the permission of their fathers, husbands etc. Another positive outcome was the sense of community felt by the women in the factories.Women from the towns and the rural areas were mixing and they built strong friendships, this created their identity in society. Industrialization had a huge impact on the farmers of these areas. Before the industrialisation began farmers found it extremely difficult to take money from the banks for farming. However, when these women brought in wages a lot of the households that were between the multinational companies and farming were granted loads from banks and some of them began to open B&B’s which encouraged tourism in the area. Farmers became part-time farmers and full time multinational employees.At certain times of the year the multinational companies would have some absentee employees because of lambing or calving seasons. The multinational companies eventually gave them a n ultimatum and there was a decline in the farming sector. Industrialisation has been the catalyst for social change over last four decades. This influx of multinational organisations gave people, particularly women the opportunity to enjoy a lifestyle completely different to which they had experienced before, giving them independence from husbands, fathers, brothers, traditional responsibilities and their religion.This growth and industrialisation ultimately caused the farming sector to decline because of the enticing luxurious lifestyle working at these multinational firms could offer the people, particularly women instead. Without the diversity which occurred over gender inequalities in these organisations, Irish people in rural areas may not be living the same lives they do today. Men may still receive higher wages than women, women may still be forced to leave work to look after children at pre-school level and maternity leave may still not be available to women.The class-less society has a positive outcome which can be seen throughout Ireland today. People form friendship with all classes of people and there is less controversy over education, wages and professions. Although industrialisation had many consequences in the past, it has helped shape the Irish society we live in today. Bibliography: * Lecture Notes: 23/10/2012 * Slater, E. 2012, Lecture Notes: 23/10/2012 * Slater, Eamonn. 2012. Restructuring the rural – rural transformation (extracts). moodle. nuim. e. Retrieved November 20, 2012 (https://2013. moodle. nuim. ie/mod/resource/view. php? id=33118) * Harris, Lorelei. 1983. ‘Industrialisation, women and working class politics in the west of Ireland’. moodle. nuim. ie Retrieved November 21, 2012 (https://2013. moodle. nuim. ie/mod/resource/view. php? id=33118) * Harris, Lorelei. 1983. ‘Class, community and sexual divisions in North Mayo’. moodle. nuim. ie Retrieved November 20, 2012 (https://2013. moodle. nuim. ie/ mod/resource/view. php? id=33118)